I could spruce you could spruce he could spruce we could spruce you could spruce they could spruce
V-ing form
I could be sprucing you could be sprucing he could be sprucing we could be sprucing you could be sprucing they could be sprucing
Perfect
I could have spruced you could have spruced he could have spruced we could have spruced you could have spruced they could have spruced
V-ing perfect
I could have been sprucing you could have been sprucing he could have been sprucing we could have been sprucing you could have been sprucing they could have been sprucing
Negation
Simple form
I couldn't spruce you couldn't spruce he couldn't spruce we couldn't spruce you couldn't spruce they couldn't spruce
V-ing form
I couldn't be sprucing you couldn't be sprucing he couldn't be sprucing we couldn't be sprucing you couldn't be sprucing they couldn't be sprucing
Perfect
I couldn't have spruced you couldn't have spruced he couldn't have spruced we couldn't have spruced you couldn't have spruced they couldn't have spruced
V-ing perfect
I couldn't have been sprucing you couldn't have been sprucing he couldn't have been sprucing we couldn't have been sprucing you couldn't have been sprucing they couldn't have been sprucing
Interrogative form
Simple form
could I spruce? could you spruce? could he spruce? could we spruce? could you spruce? could they spruce?
V-ing form
could I be sprucing? could you be sprucing? could he be sprucing? could we be sprucing? could you be sprucing? could they be sprucing?
Perfect
could I have spruced? could you have spruced? could he have spruced? could we have spruced? could you have spruced? could they have spruced?
V-ing perfect
could I have been sprucing? could you have been sprucing? could he have been sprucing? could we have been sprucing? could you have been sprucing? could they have been sprucing?
Interro-negative form
Simple form
couldn't I spruce? couldn't you spruce? couldn't he spruce? couldn't we spruce? couldn't you spruce? couldn't they spruce?
V-ing form
couldn't I be sprucing? couldn't you be sprucing? couldn't he be sprucing? couldn't we be sprucing? couldn't you be sprucing? couldn't they be sprucing?
Perfect
couldn't I have spruced? couldn't you have spruced? couldn't he have spruced? couldn't we have spruced? couldn't you have spruced? couldn't they have spruced?
V-ing perfect
couldn't I have been sprucing? couldn't you have been sprucing? couldn't he have been sprucing? couldn't we have been sprucing? couldn't you have been sprucing? couldn't they have been sprucing?